University of the Ryukyus · Faculty of Medicine · 助教

Research keywordscleft lip and palate・maxillary distraction・oral and maxillofacial surgery・EDAR polymorphism・tooth root morphology・craniofacial CT・volunteer surgery

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• Factors associated with bone thickness: Comparison of the cranium and humerus2023 · Cortical bone thickness is important for the mechanical function of bone. Ontogeny, aging, sex, body size, hormone levels, diet, behavior, and genetics potentially cause variations in postcranial cortical robusticity. However, the factors associated with cranial cortical robusticity remain poorly understood. Few studies have examined cortical robusticity in both cranial and postcranial bones jointly. In the present study, we used computed tomography (CT) images to measure cortical bone thicknesses in the cranial vault and humeral diaphysis. This study clearly showed that females have a greater cranial vault thickness and greater age-related increase in cranial vault thickness than males. We found an age-related increase in the full thickness of the temporal cranial vault and the width of the humeral diaphysis, as well as an age-related decrease in the cortical thickness of the frontal cranial vault and the cortical thickness of the humeral diaphysis, suggesting that the mechanisms of bone modeling in cranial and long bones are similar. A positive correlation between cortical indices in the cranial vault and humeral diaphysis also suggested that common factors affect cortical robusticity. We also examined the association of polymorphisms in the WNT16 and TNFSF11 genes with bone thickness. However, no significant associations were observed. The present study provides fundamental knowledge about similarities and differences in the mechanisms of bone modeling between cranial and postcranial bones.
• The human EDAR 370V/A polymorphism affects tooth root morphology potentially through the modification of a reaction-diffusion system2021 · Morphological variations in human teeth have long been recognized and, in particular, the spatial and temporal distribution of two patterns of dental features in Asia, i.e., Sinodonty and Sundadonty, have contributed to our understanding of the human migration history. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying such dental variations have not yet been completely elucidated. Recent studies have clarified that a nonsynonymous variant in the ectodysplasin A receptor gene (EDAR 370V/A; rs3827760) contributes to crown traits related to Sinodonty. In this study, we examined the association between the EDAR polymorphism and tooth root traits by using computed tomography images and identified that the effects of the EDAR variant on the number and shape of roots differed depending on the tooth type. In addition, to better understand tooth root morphogenesis, a computational analysis for patterns of tooth roots was performed, assuming a reaction-diffusion system. The computational study suggested that the complicated effects of the EDAR polymorphism could be explained when it is considered that EDAR modifies the syntheses of multiple related molecules working in the reaction-diffusion dynamics. In this study, we shed light on the molecular mechanisms of tooth root morphogenesis, which are less understood in comparison to those of tooth crown morphogenesis.
• 琉球大学病院歯科口腔外科における埋伏歯に関する臨床的検討2020 · 埋伏歯を原因とする歯列不正、口腔外科疾患は数多くみられ、その発生部位や方向、萠出時期などにもバリエーションが多く治療を困難にするケースも少なくない。そこで、平成18年〜平成28年当科を受診し埋伏歯(智歯を除く)および埋伏過剰歯の診断を受けた患者157名を調査し検討をおこなった。埋伏歯症例の初診時年齢は10〜19歳で最も多く性差はなかった。埋伏過剰歯症例の初診時年齢は9歳以下で最も多く、男性に多かった。埋伏歯は上顎犬歯に最も多く認められ、埋伏過剰歯は上顎正中部に最も多く認められた。埋伏歯の発生原因では、萠出余地不足が最も多かった。埋伏歯、埋伏過剰歯の治療方法では、いずれも抜歯が最も多かった。当科では埋伏歯の治療法において抜歯の選択が約1/4の症例で選択されていた。埋伏歯の治療においては、経時的観察や適切な時期での治療介入が必要である。今後は、地域の歯科医院との連携を図りながら予知性の高い治療を目指す必要があると考えられた。(著者抄録)
• Outcomes of an international volunteer surgical project for patients with cleft lip and/or cleft palate: A mission in developing Laos:Volunteer for patients with CL/P in Laos2017 · Goto Takahiro, Nishihara Kazuhide, Kataoka Keiichi, Goto Shinpei, Maruyama Tessho, Sunakawa Hajime, Natsume Nagato, Arasaki Akira

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