DOWA HOLDINGS CO., LTD.

DOWA, formerly Dowa Mining, is a nonferrous-metals and environmental group founded in 1884 and reorganized as a holding company in 2006. Building on its mining and smelting and refining technologies, it has made resource circulation through environmental management and recycling, together with the provision of advanced materials and technologies, its core business. Its 5 segments are Environmental Management & Recycling, including waste treatment and precious-metal recycling through urban mining; Nonferrous Metals, including zinc, copper, and precious metals; Electronic Materials, including semiconductor and electronic-component materials and silver powder; Metal Processing, including wrought copper products and electroplating; and Heat Treatment. The group comprises approximately 100 companies.