EXAM QUICK REFERENCE
This subject tests not how much grammar you know but whether you can process academic Japanese under time pressure. The twelve chapters follow the syllabus's four sections: the reading chapters match the drills now open, while the listening-reading, listening, and writing chapters are marked as official scope with their banks still in preparation.
Written from the four sections of JASSO's Japanese syllabus. The current bank leads with reading; the listening-reading, listening, and writing chapters describe official scope while their drills are added in later batches.
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QUICK REFERENCE
Showing 6 items
筆者の主張の位置
The claim typically follows a concession and precedes the summary, often closing with 〜べきだ or 〜のではないか.
Mark every sentence ending that signals a claim.
Separate quotations from the author's own position.
Check consistency with the overall thesis.
Quoted views are easily mistaken for the author's; watch for frames like 〜という意見がある.
文末表現と態度
〜だろう conjectures, 〜べきだ asserts, and 〜かもしれない hedges — the strength of stance differs sharply.
Judge the strength of stance at each sentence ending.
Compare the option's force with the original.
Eliminate options that strengthen or weaken the original.
An option turning the author's hedge into an assertion is wrong even when the direction is right.
事実と意見の区別
Statistics and events are facts while evaluations and proposals are opinions, and the two sit side by side in the text.
Label factual and evaluative sentences in the margin.
Confirm which of the two the question wants.
Eliminate options of the wrong type.
An item asking for the author's opinion can never be answered by a pure statement of fact — a fast elimination cue.
譲歩と反論の構造
確かに〜。しかし〜 is the basic skeleton of expository prose, and the concession is not the author's position.
Find concession markers such as 確かに or もちろん.
Locate where the concession ends and the reversal begins.
Treat only what follows the reversal as the claim.
Mistaking the concession for the claim is the commonest misreading here — and exactly what the examiner targets.
選択肢の言い換え
The correct option is nearly always a paraphrase, and the task is judging whether the paraphrase is faithful.
Break the option into its component claims.
Find textual support for each in turn.
Eliminate the option if any single claim lacks support.
If the paraphrase adds causation, degree, or scope not in the original it is wrong; word-level comparison is the only safe check.
言い過ぎの選択肢
Options containing すべて, 必ず, 最も, or 〜だけ usually exceed what the passage supports.
Circle the absolute expressions in the options.
Return to the passage and check the strength of the wording.
Keep the option only if the passage is equally absolute.
Yet if the passage itself is absolute, such an option can be right — verify against the text rather than eliminating mechanically.
