抽象名詞
中 抽象名词
日 抽象名詞
EN abstract nouns
Core note
Nouns such as 傾向, 要因, 影響, 課題, and 観点 form the skeleton of expository prose.
How to recognize it
They recur in questions and options, so knowing them lifts reading speed more than concrete nouns do.
EXAM QUICK REFERENCE
This subject tests not how much grammar you know but whether you can process academic Japanese under time pressure. The twelve chapters follow the syllabus's four sections: the reading chapters match the drills now open, while the listening-reading, listening, and writing chapters are marked as official scope with their banks still in preparation.
Written from the four sections of JASSO's Japanese syllabus. The current bank leads with reading; the listening-reading, listening, and writing chapters describe official scope while their drills are added in later batches.
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QUICK REFERENCE
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中 抽象名词
日 抽象名詞
EN abstract nouns
Nouns such as 傾向, 要因, 影響, 課題, and 観点 form the skeleton of expository prose.
They recur in questions and options, so knowing them lifts reading speed more than concrete nouns do.
中 论说文动词
日 論説で使う動詞
EN verbs of exposition
Verbs such as 示す, 述べる, 指摘する, 主張する, and 踏まえる name what the author is doing.
指摘する and 主張する differ in force, and questions separate options on exactly that difference.
中 汉语词与和语词的对应
日 漢語と和語の対応
EN Sino-Japanese and native pairs
In pairs like 増加する/増える, the Sino-Japanese form belongs to writing and the native form to speech.
Reading and writing favor the Sino-Japanese forms while listening favors the native ones — both are needed.
中 词语搭配
日 コロケーション
EN collocations
Fixed pairings such as 影響を及ぼす, 課題に取り組む, and 役割を果たす must be learned whole.
In the writing section, correct collocation demonstrates ability better than rare vocabulary — and fails less often.
中 分领域词汇
日 分野別語彙
EN field-specific vocabulary
Five fields — environment, education, economy, technology, and society — cover most of the topics that appear.
Organizing by field beats alphabetical order because a single passage draws its vocabulary from one field.
中 副词性表现
日 副詞的表現
EN adverbial expressions
Adverbs such as 必ずしも, かえって, あくまで, and むしろ redirect the whole sentence.
Missing one adverb can turn an affirmation into a partial negation, and expository prose is dense with them.