EXAM QUICK REFERENCE
This subject tests not how much grammar you know but whether you can process academic Japanese under time pressure. The twelve chapters follow the syllabus's four sections: the reading chapters match the drills now open, while the listening-reading, listening, and writing chapters are marked as official scope with their banks still in preparation.
Written from the four sections of JASSO's Japanese syllabus. The current bank leads with reading; the listening-reading, listening, and writing chapters describe official scope while their drills are added in later batches.
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QUICK REFERENCE
Showing 6 items
中 名词化表现
日 名詞化表現
EN nominalization
〜こと, 〜の, and 〜という点 turn clauses into nouns, which is what makes abstract argument possible.
In long sentences, locating the nominalized portion exposes the subject-predicate relation.
中 被动与客观化
日 受身と客観化
EN the passive and objectivity
〜と考えられる and 〜とされている present a claim as general view rather than personal opinion.
They frequently introduce the common view the author will rebut, so watch for a reversal afterwards.
中 情态表现
日 モダリティ
EN modality
〜べきだ, 〜ざるを得ない, and 〜にすぎない express necessity, unavoidability, and limitation.
〜にすぎない is an explicitly dismissive evaluation and reveals the author's stance directly.
中 条件表现
日 条件表現
EN conditional expressions
〜とすれば, 〜限り, and 〜ない限り bound the range within which a claim holds.
〜ない限り carries a double restriction, and misreading it reverses the conclusion entirely.
中 让步表现
日 譲歩表現
EN concessive expressions
〜とはいえ, 〜にせよ, and 〜ものの grant the other view before moving to the author's own.
Expect a reversal after any concessive form; the real claim lies beyond it.
中 提示表现
日 取り立て表現
EN focus particles
〜こそ, 〜さえ, and 〜だけでなく shift a sentence's focus through emphasis or limitation.
〜だけでなく〜も signals addition rather than contrast; reading it as contrast misconstrues the argument.
